A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z All
Oluwayemisi, Olawumi Hannah
- Prevalence and Trend of HBsAg, Anti-HCV and Anti-HIV among Blood Donors in a Tertiary Hospital in North Central Nigeria
Authors
1 Department of Haematology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, NG
Source
SMU Medical Journal, Vol 4, No 1 (2017), Pagination: 33-42Abstract
A major risk of blood transfusion is the acquisition of one or more of the transfusion transmissible infections. This risk correlates with the prevalence of markers of these infections in the donor population.
The aim of the study was therefore to determine the prevalence and trend of HBsAg, HIV and HCV among blood donors in Ilorin. The screening records of prospective, mainly family replacement donors from January 2011 to December 2015 were retrospectively evaluated. All screenings were done by ELISA method using kits manufactured by Inteco Diagnostics, England, United Kingdom according to manufacturer’s instructions.
36889 prospective donors were screened over the five year period. Seroprevalence of HBsAg, HIV and HCV was 12.9%, 2.2% and 1.9% respectively. There was a gradual decline in the prevalence of HBsAg from 13.5% in 2011 to 11.3% in 2015, HIV prevalence similarly declined from 3.2% in 2011 to 1.2% 2015, HCV prevalence fluctuated throughout the 5 year period.
Although the prevalence of TTI among blood donors is generally on the decline, it is still substantially high especially that of HBV. This exposes transfused patients to a substantial risk. There is therefore the need to slow down on blood transfusion and adopt the practice of weighing the risks and benefits before decision to transfuse any patient.
Keywords
Blood Donors, HIV, Hepatitis B and C, Prevalence, Trend.- Comparative Analysis of Baseline and One Year Post HAART Haematological Parameters of HIV Infected Patients in Ilorin, Nigeria
Authors
1 Department of Haematology, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, NG
2 Department of Haematology, Federal Medical Centre, Gusau, NG
3 Department of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin, NG
4 Department of Haematology, LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso, NG
5 Department of Haematology, Sobi Specialist Hospital, Ilorin, NG
Source
SMU Medical Journal, Vol 4, No 2 (2017), Pagination: 70-79Abstract
Haematological abnormalities are common manifestations of HIV infection. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of HAART on haematological parameters of HIV infected patients.This was a longitudinal prospective study conducted at the HAART clinic of University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital, Ilorin. Eighty newly diagnosed HIV positive patients between 21-75 years who were planned to commence HAART (lamivudine, zidovudine and nevirapine) were recruited into this study. Baseline and one year post-HAART full blood count were carried out by Sysmex KX21 according to manufacturer’s instructions.Twenty nine percent of the patients had anaemia, 13% had neutropaenia and 0.02% had thrombocytopaenia at presentation. There was a significant increase in mean hemoglobin concentration of the patients from 10.79±1.89g/dl at baseline to 11.52±1.27g/dl at one year post HAART initiation. (P value=0.003) There was a statistically significant difference in mean baseline haemoglobin concentration of patients in WHO clinical stages 1, 2 and 3(11.67±1.39g/dl, 10.47±2.09g/dl, 10.00±1.86g/dl respectively; P=0.012). HIV patients were more likely to present with anaemia followed by neutropaenia and rarely thrombocytopaenia. Severity of anaemia increased with disease progression. HAART led to improvement in haematological abnormalities with significant increase in haemoglobin concentration. Haemoglobin concentration may therefore be used to monitor response to HAART in HIV infected patients.Keywords
HIV, Haematological Parameters, HAART.References
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